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AFPLWATCH Articles Posted in June 2004

Memo to County Manager Tom Andrews:

Background Check of Prospective Director
Crucial to Selecting an Effective Leader

Posted June 28, 2004

Now that the search for AFPL's next director has officially begun, we hope that the county manager will remember the staff's plea that the hiring team include a practicing librarian from a large urban public library system.

We also hope the county manager's interview team will regard with grave skepticism any buzz words that crop up in the resumes or conversations of the finalists for the job.

Veteran employees at AFPL ruefully remember being subjected to a never-ending parade of so-called management theories championed by various library directors. The list of enthusiastically-embraced and promptly-discarded management panaceas is a staggeringly long one, according to article in a journal entitled Information Research.

Remember "Management by Objectives," anyone? "Theory X and Theory Y"? "Zero-based Budgeting"? "Total Quality Management"? Remember "downsizing," "team-building," "benchmarking," "core competencies"--and that favorite of Mary Kaye's for about three minutes, "sapiential authority"? Then there was that whole unfortunate episode about cheese-moving.

Lordy, the millions that have been made by the books written by management consultants--aided and abetted by The Library Directors Who Read Them.

We also want to caution the interviewing team about any applicant trying to pass himself or herself off as The Next Messiah: someone who claims they're going to solve all the library system's problems lickety-split. There's nothing wrong with finding AFPL an inspiring leader, but, please, save us from those with easy answers and simplistic models of how to run a large organization.

Finally, we hope that the hiring team will devise methods for thoroughly checking out the performance records of the finalists for the job, and treating the results of those investigations a lot more seriously than their impressions of the applicants' answers to interview questions.

An article appearing in this month's issue of American Libraries should be required reading for the county manager's hiring team. Written by Oak Lawn (Illinois) Public Library director James B. Casey and uncannily relevant to the situation at AFPL, the article (pages 52-53) is entitled "Beware the Itinerant Director: These Nomadic Wonders Are Stronger on Interviewing Skills Than Competence."

Our favorite bits:
”…A person who knows practically nothing about budget, personnel management, fundraising, grant writing, computerization, or library construction may be able to string together a sufficient number of buzzwords and nonspecific musings to impress a board of trustees [or county manager] desperate enough to find an impressive-looking and authoritative-sounding gal or fellow to show off to the media.

The morning after isn’t always pretty, as key staff are usually among the first to find out when the wunderkind turns out to be an empty power suit. The wonderful web sites created by his library over the past five years were done by others and the director who claimed credit for himself doesn’t know the difference between http and html. The wonderful, dynamic 'agent for change' doesn’t know how to write a coherent memo or run a meeting, let alone set in motion a planning process. More likely than not, such an interstate library administrator will be more than ready to move on….But by then, considerable damage may already have been done….

…Clever job-hopping directors might well conjure up answers [to interview questions] that depict themselves as misunderstood maverick geniuses or profound thinkers who became unpopular because they challenged ‘the establishment’ by providing ‘a breath of fresh air.’ They might even package short tenures as a positive characteristic of the ‘high-powered’ and ‘no-nonsense’ executive.”
Casey goes on to suggest ways interview teams can avoid these adroitly orchestrated snow jobs. His advice includes the following statement:
“It is absolutely imperative for boards to check out the backgrounds of finalists by going beyond the standard check of references provided by the candidate.”


County Begins Recruiting for New Library Director
Posted June 24, 2004; updated August 4, 2004

Fulton County posted yesterday a job description for AFPL's vacant Library Director position, formally commencing the county's search for a new director.

The county posted its announcement on the day the current library board met one last time before being dissolved, on the eve of the American Library Association's annual conference, and approximately one month after the Fulton County Manager Tom Andrews fired former director Mary Kaye Hooker.

Andrews told library employees shortly after the firing that he hopes to speed up the hiring process--and save the county some money--by recruiting directly rather than through an executive search firm, a process used by the board in recent years when the board had appointed library directors instead of the county manager. Andrews also told employees he would prefer to have a new library director for AFPL at least by September. The closing date for applications is July 30.

The new job description, developed after asking for AFPL employee suggestions, contains the following underlined statement:
The Library System Director is expected to embody high standards of professional ethics and integrity in approaching management issues and to create and maintain an open and respectful work environment.
August 4th Update: On July 30th, the county announced it was extending its July 30th deadline for applications, and did not designate a new deadline.



AFPLWATCH Editorial

Cutting Library Hours: Long Overdue
Posted June 18, 2004; revised June 21, 2004

Alarms continue to be sounded in the press about a wave of radical cuts in public library budgets across the United States and Canada. An article in the Christian Science Monitor reports that library systems have responded to these budget cuts in a variety of ways: some have closed branches, some have cut their book budgets, some have invoked hiring freezes or permanently laid off personnel and/or eliminated staff positions, and some have scaled back their service hours. Some library systems have had to do all of these things.

Of all these options, probably the least harmful is reducing the total number of hours public libraries are open every week to more realistically reflect the number of county dollars to adequately staff them. But that doesn't mean people like the idea. Just ask the library-using citizens in the scores of cities and counties across North America where it's already happened. Interestingly, public protests to curtailments in library hours have in some cases resulted in politicians voting larger budgets for libraries.

How Bad Is It?
The list of public library systems in the United States and Canada that have cut back their hours in 2004 alone is a dismally long one. And the libraries forced to close their doors earlier--or for entire days each week--are not limited to systems in smaller jurisdictions, such as the Massachusetts towns of Bridgewater and Winchester or the modest-sized town of Dearborn, Michigan. Libraries have also cut hours in Portland, Minneapolis, Seattle, New York City (as well as other cities in New York, including Queens and Rochester). Library users have faced reduced library hours in 43% of Pennsylvania’s public libraries; and nearly one out of five public library systems in Colorado have cut their hours--as have, of course, a host of public libraries all over California, including Sacramento, San Diego and Berkeley.

The news is really worse than it appears here: this random sampling of financially-strapped library systems that have cut hours in 2004 doesn’t include the many other libraries that curtailed their hours as a response to last year’s round of budget cuts.

Maximum Access & Poor Service vs. Reduced Access & Quality Service
As painful and unpopular as cutting back library hours of operations has proven to be everywhere it's already happened, it's way past time to implement cutbacks in hours here in Atlanta. The library board (who set the current hours of operation) The currently-generous array of branch library hours, set by the library board, flies in the face of the current level of county funding for library personnel. Maintaining the current level of service colludes in the fiction that local governments can offer the same level of government services in bad fiscal times as they can in good ones.

Stubbornly refusing to cut back hours is not only fiscally irresponsible but abusive to the county employees who operate the county's libraries with ever-dwindling resources.
  • When library employees normally working elsewhere have to help staff branches open on Sunday because branches open on Sunday lack an adequate number of employees to support being open seven days a week, those fill-in employees from other branches cannot, due to wage and hour laws, work as many hours at other times during the week.

  • Libraries are not even staffed to offer Saturday hours, let alone Sunday ones. Whenever a library employee works on a Saturday, he or she works one less weekday the previous or the following week. For most branches, that means libraries are shorter-staffed on Mondays and Fridays than they are on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays.

  • Ditto the long hours throughout the day that some libraries are open. Employees staffing libraries so they can keep their doors open beyond, say, 6pm don't report to work at 9am; they come in later, with the resulting staffing shortages throughout the morning hours.

  • As long as employees occasionally get sick, take the vacation time they've earned, serve on juries, take pregnancy leaves and other kinds of planned and unplanned emergency leaves, attend committee meetings, go to training classes, or--God forbid--retire or resign--the staff remaining at a branch will be obliged to work harder to keep their library operating smoothly. These routine staff shortages hit the branches with the smallest staffs especially hard.

  • Mary Kaye Hooker's decimation of the library system's Technical Services Division has burdened every employee in every branch with more ordering and processing duties. Every one of these additional tasks takes time and energy that cannot be devoted to serving the public.

  • Another drain on the energies of library staffs is coping with recurring security-related incidents--especially the incidents at branches with zero only part-time security guards.

  • A problem never factored into library staffing patterns is the massive amount of time required at every branch in the system to maintain and troubleshoot constantly-malfunctioning computer equipment for a public with unrealistically high expectations of computer-based services. The training and infrastructure--as well as the sheer numbers of needed staff--to support these customer expectations is terribly deficient.

  • An unhealthily large proportion of every library's staff is made up of part-time employees. Not only are they unavailable at certain times during the work week to staff service desks and do all the other things they do to support public service, but there's no time for adequately training these hardworking part-timers for what we expect them to do. And yet managers feel obliged to staff their service desk with part-time staff. Connecting library patrons to the materials or information they need isn't brain surgery, but it does require a certain amount of skill that comes only through proper training.

  • The county commission's and the library board's determination to open new branches and re-open branches that have been closed down means that understaffing throughout the system grows increasingly more serious and more widespread. The migration of staff from current work sites to the re-located Carver branch, the new branch at Ocee, an expanded East Atlanta branch, and a soon-to-be-reopened MLK, Jr. branch add additional pressures to the ones created by the frozen hiring for all vacated library positions.

  • Budget-cutting hiring freezes that go on for months and months exacerbate the cumulative exhaustion and frustration of overworked library staffs. Hiring freezes are hard on all county employees, but hiring freezes hit hardest the county departments with the highest turnover rates and departments that deliver county services beyond the Monday-Friday schedules of county budget-cutters.

The results of the longstanding, unacknowledged understaffing of Fulton County's libraries showed up a long time ago in lower levels of customer service and deteriorating library collections.
  • Service desks once staffed by librarians are now routinely staffed with untrained library assistants--some willing and competent, some not.

  • Anyone volunteering to work on a library committee--especially if they work in a smaller branch or department--knows instantly their attendance at committee meetings will make branch coverage more problemmatic for the branch or department manager.

  • Because everyone spends so much more of their day staffing service desks, opportunities have become increasingly scarce for sustained concentration on routine collection maintenance or collection development tasks, for planning programs, and for a dozen other categories of "behind the scenes" work. More and more energy goes into just keeping the place going rather than making sure our services and collections are good ones. Little or no energy available for improving library services or collections.
And that's just the downside of chronic understaffing on efficiency and on service quality. There's also a very real human cost to the chronic understaffing of public libraries. Libraries are run by people, not machines, and people--unlike machines--get tired, cranky, and understandably resentful when they are worked beyond reasonable limits, month in and month out.

All things considered, probably the least harmful device for coping with a chronically understaffed library system is adjusting the number of hours each week that libraries are open to the public so library staff will have more time to accomplish everything else they need to do in addition to directly interacting with the public. The reason it's the least harmful: because more generous hours can be restored as county tax revenues expand to fund additional staff positions.

Unfortunately, because cutting hours brings the bad fiscal news so quickly and so directly to so many otherwise oblivious citizens, adjusting library hours is often one of the last devices chosen by The Powers That Be to deal with understaffing in libraries and with budget-cuts-on-top-of-understaffing.

Adjusting hours is certainly the most responsible method of dealing with understaffed libraries and library budget shortfalls. "You Get What You Pay For” is a lesson all taxpayers and tax-cut-promising politicians need to learn. The sooner we all accept the basic laws of economics, the better for all of us--politicians included.

What Can Be Done?
AFPL employees have waited long enough for some rational, responsible response to the way-over-50-by-now vacancies that have crippled the staff's ability to deliver decent library service to Fulton County library users. The County Manager's thawing a few critical vacancies for immediate recruitment would help, but it won't fix the underlying budgetary problem--problems that the county manager has told us are likely to be with us for at least several more years.

Earlier this week, the county commissioners cut the millage rate on county property taxes. This is a perfect time to announce reductions in the services that property taxes pay for.

However the politicians choose to spin the news of their tax-cutting measures, there is role library administrators can perform to minimize the consequences of dwindling county coffers in the face of chronically understaffed libraries. They need to make sure they are deploying the library system's increasingly limited human resources in a rational, defensible, instantly understandable, and verifiable way:
  • There needs to be a clear and dynamic (i.e., adjustable) relationship between the number of staff at each type of library branch and the total number of hours that branch is open to the public.

  • There also needs to be a clear and dynamic (i.e., adjustable) relationship between the amount of work--as measured in some empirical way (such as the number of circulations per month and probably several other factors)--that a branch shoulders and the number of staff allocated to that branch.

  • There needs to be a sufficient number of library staff allocated to operating any library that's open at all. No library branch or Central Library department manager, regardless of how small his/her staff, should be terrified by someone's asking for a day of leave or compromise their unit's service level merely because a staff member is expected to attend a committee meeting, attends a training session, or otherwise leaves the facility temporarily.
How Soon, Oh Lord, How Soon?
Interim Library Director Anne Haimes said at a recent Agency Meeting that cutting library hours as a response to the massive cuts to AFPL's budget was not viewed with favor by the county manager. No surprise there. Haimes went on to say that this proposal would be taken up again only after the new board of trustees was convened. That means July at the soonest; given the need for the new trustees to get themselves organized and minimally oriented, that probably means much later than July.

We think library administrators should be ready with specific proposals about reallocating staff and cutting hours so the trustees can immediately begin discussing the options before they wander off onto other, less urgent topics. There's certainly no reason to wait to develop specific proposals on staffing reallocations and reduced hours until a new Library Director is hired--which won't be until September at the soonest.

It's up to library administrators to devise those formulas, and they should be working on those formulas now. Atlanta is not magically exempt from the basic laws of economics, and county employees should not be exploited indefinitely to save the hides of county politicians.

* * *

Comments on this editorial? Send an email to AFPLWATCH. Let the webmaster know if what you have to say is for the webmaster's eyes only, or for posting to the site.

A Reader's Response:
The vacancy situation is only going to get worse. Another part-time person departed today. More resignations are on the horizon. The fallout from the last few years is not over.

Why are they so loathe to cut hours, but so quick to increase them as soon as a few people are hired, even though the new hires are not yet functional? That's my recollection from the last time we went through this.

[Signed] "NoName"


Dept. of Denial   Posted June 7, 2004
"The Committee asked that the plaque [for the new library at Ocee] be created as soon as possible and that lead-in signs be installed prior to opening. Additionally, the Committee asked that Commissioner Fulton's name not be listed as deceased." --Comment recorded at the April 7, 2004 meeting of the library board's Building Committee [Notes, pages 1-2]
AFPLWATCH Comment:

We don't think it shows any disrespect to former trustee Bob Fulton to acknowledge publicly that the man is, in fact, dead. The board's refusal to say so on the plaque they plan to install at the new branch library named in Fulton's honor is typical of the board's annoying habit of glossing over inconvenient facts.

In this case, their attempt to do that reminds us of Monty Python's classic "Dead Parrot" sketch which contains at least a dozen euphemisms the board might consider putting on their plaque.

We think Bob Fulton--who had a good sense of humor as well as a determination to get another library built at the north end of the county (with or without his name on it)--would be the first to agree that the term "Deceased" next to his name might just be too mundane.

"Robert Fulton (Joined the Choir Celestial)" has such a better ring to it, eh, trustees?


Read previously-posted examples of the nonsense
generated by AFPL's soon-to-be-deceased board




Improvements at AFPL Already Underway
Posted June 4, 2004

The rebuilding of AFPL will take years to accomplish, but there are already signs that improvements are underway.

Recent encouraging signs so far include:
  • County Manager Tom Andrews' meetings with library staff. Especially encouraging were his comments that library officials would be held accountable for enforcing county policies, and that county officials would work with library officials to address major obstacles to better library service, such as county purchasing and accounting procedures that interfere with the year-round ordering needs of public libraries.

  • Acting Director Anne Haimes' prompt reassignments of the bevy of secretaries that Hooker had barricaded herself behind.

  • Haimes' faxing out a long-overdue list of sensible holiday and holiday-adjacent library closings for the remainder of the year.

  • Haimes' welcome reversal of Garnes' edict several years ago that Assistant Branch Managers, as well as Branch Managers, must attend the library's monthly Agency Managers Meeting. (Garnes' decree, which she claimed was necessary because managers were deliberately witholding information from their staffs, was actually based on Garnes' need for a larger audience for her monthly performances; her draconian attendance requirements made arranging coverage at some branches during Agency Meetings unnecessarily difficult.) Now if Haimes would also dispense with the demeaning, kindergarten-like sign-up sheets that Agency Meeting attendees are forced to deal with, the managers could resume meeting monthly like the "professionals" they're paid to be!

  • Haimes' prompt actions to begin addressing the fact that five years of Hooker's slash-and-burn management style had resulted in numerous individuals working out of class.

  • Haimes' invitation for volunteers for various systemwide committees to begin grappling with various chunks of the wreckage that constitutes the library system's technical and administrative infrastructure.
On the other hand, at least one disturbing omen has surfaced in the two-week-old "interregnum": the totally uncalled-for measures taken to make sure that Garnes' former administrative assistant Michelle Carnes had her pick of reassignments.

Haimes announced at the June 3rd Agency Meeting that she had appointed Carnes as the new manager of the Fairburn Branch Library.

When Haimes mentioned at that meeting that she was certain Carnes was "looking forward to her new assignment," Haimes must've forgotten that there were probably a dozen or so library workers in the audience who were far more seriously victimized by the Hooker-Garnes-Earl regime than Carnes was. The deference shown by Haimes to Carnes' predicament--and Haimes' rush to do something about it while ignoring the more grievous harm done (and the lack of choices given to) others who've served the library ten times as long as Carnes has--was astonishing and depressing (and, to some, downright insulting).

Not to mention the discouraging signal Haimes' announcement sends about how vacant library positions are to be filled. One wonders how this news of Carnes' "reassignment" will affect the morale of the staff at Fairburn, the morale of the people who applied for the management vacancy there, the morale of those who might have applied had they had the opportunity to, and the morale of employees wondering why they should bother aspiring to or applying for promotions when administrators persist in using sudden "lateral reassignments" to fill vacancies, including management vacancies.

Apparently recruiting for vacant positions via competitive interviews is one county policy that the library is going to ignore a bit longer, despite Andrews' and Haimes' reassurances about the "New AFPL."

Yes, yes, we know that county department heads (and Interim Heads, or whatever they're called) probably have the authority to make lateral transfers, especially to avoid employees working out of class. But Haimes' filling this particular long-standing management vacancy this way, and with this particular employee, was not good news.

On a disappointment scale of a completely magnitude, we've also heard that Haimes seemed a bit annoyed at a question from the Agency Meeting audience about whether Haimes planned to abolish the dress code. While this much-despised relic of the Hooker-Garnes era may not be at the top of Haimes' to-do list, we think it would be a good idea for her to realize that it's apparently a genuine staff concern, and to make sure that the alleged need for a dress code be reviewed, and not at some vague point in the future. Ditto the other issues reportedly raised by other attendees at the June 3rd meeting, such as the urgent need for re-training branch "techies," the need for a systemwide Reference Services Committee, and dealing with the sorry state of the library's catalog.

We understand that Haimes is understandably overwhelmed with her new job. Anyone inheriting the mess that McClure, Hooker, Garnes, and Earl made of the library would be overwhelmed with the extent of the damage, and with the sheer exhaustion and low morale of the library staff. However, we also hope Haimes would agree that one of the most crucial parts of her job is to nurture the willingness of managers to raise issues in meetings. For years on end, Hooker, Garnes, and Earl made it abundantly clear that they were not genuinely interested in hearing what library staff believed to be the library's problems. The library's managers have been waiting a long time to bring up important and/or nagging issues, and it would behoove the person in charge of the library to listen very closely to what others think should be done.

To judge from the accounts we've heard, Haimes' down-to-earth conduct at her first Agency Meeting was a refreshing departure from Hooker's and Garnes' comportment at those meetings. (Some of those in attendance report they could've done without the little sermon that might've been entitled "The County is Our Friend," but they were grateful that at least the sermon was a brief one.) We trust that Haimes realizes, at least most of the time, that honest and respectful exchanges--born of an interest in, if not an eagerness for, gaining the perspective of staff regardless of the sometimes differing priorities of administrators--should become the norm in the way the library's meetings are conducted.



ALA's Anti-Discrimination Fund
Receives Largest-Ever Donation
from AFPL Lawsuit Plaintiffs

Posted June 2, 2004

Read the American Library Association's
announcement, published last month.



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